Supporting Data Repository: Landscape Curvature and Deep Critical Zone Structure
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| Owners: | Brady Adams Flinchum |
| Type: | Resource |
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| Created: | Feb 05, 2025 at 4:39 p.m. |
| Last updated: | Mar 14, 2025 at 3:10 p.m. |
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| Sharing Status: | Public |
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Abstract
Velocity profiles from seismic refraction reveal deep critical zone (CZ) architecture under profiles hundreds of meters long. However, long transects still fail to capture CZ architecture over regional scales (1 km\textsuperscript{2} to 20 km\textsuperscript{2}). Here, we present a strategy that transforms seismic observations from individual profiles into maps of CZ architecture over tens of square kilometers. Data from 15 seismic refraction profiles (approximately line 6.6 km) collected in the weathered crystalline rocks of the South Carolina Piedmont revealed approximately 400,000 m\textsuperscript{2} of deep CZ architecture. Using casing depths from four boreholes, we show that the boundary dividing saprolite and fractured rock is 1,870 m/s. Using velocity from an outcrop in the survey area, we show that the bedrock velocity is 4,550 m/s. We used these velocities to define a three-layer CZ structure comprised of soil/saprolite, fractured bedrock, and bedrock. We developed an empirical relationship between CZ structure and minimum and maximum principal curvatures, allowing us to predict CZ architecture over approximately 17 km\textsuperscript{2}. The strong correlation between seismically inferred CZ structure and principal curvatures suggests it can predict CZ structure across larger scales.
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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